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Computing a PSD in Python: The Welch Method

09:15

In this short video we use the Welch method to extract a PSD from random vibration data — a natural continuation of the FFT article.

Contents#

  • The logic of the Welch method: segmenting and averaging
  • scipy.signal.welch parameters: nperseg, noverlap, window
  • Interpreting the PSD unit (g²/Hz)
  • Computing the RMS value from the area under the PSD

Why Welch?

Instead of a single long FFT, splitting the signal into overlapping segments and averaging gives a much more stable spectral estimate for noisy random signals.

For code examples and more detail, take a look at the FFT article in the software category.